There are three common types of distribution channels adopted by companies: Intensive Distribution, Selective Distribution and Exclusive distribution Before we delve into selective distribution, let…
Marketing Category
The Marketing category has detailed articles, concepts and How-tos to help students and professionals learn the concepts and applications.
What is Corporate Advertising? Examples of Corporate Advertising
Corporate advertising is a very interesting concept to learn about. In a few ways it is quite similar to the advertising done for products and…
Customer Perception: Meaning, Importance, Factors and Examples
Marketing can get complicated and intricate at times. It is because of the complexity of the human brain and the way it functions. Customers are…
Augmented Product – Importance, Examples and Benefits
What is an Augmented product? An augmented product is a product that has additional features, components, or add-ons not found in the same product offered…
Odd Even Pricing and its application in Marketing
Odd even pricing is extremely common to find these days and is being used widely. Many producers have started using this for a range of…
What Is Core Product? Definition, Importance, Examples
A layman may see a product as a physical structure they buy, but it is more than that. Marketers design and market items using product…
What are Trade Promotions? Types & Advantages
Trade promotions are a key driver in the exciting world of sales and marketing. They’re like the secret sauce that can spice up a brand’s…
Sales Promotion – Best 16 Types Explained With Examples
Chances are, right now if you step out in the market, you will find a shop offering discounts on all its products. Similarly, you might…
Why Sales motivation is important and what are Objectives of Sales motivation?
Sales is one of the toughest jobs out there simply because of the number of rejections involved to reach a sales target. You have to…
What is a high involvement product and characteristics of High involvement purchase?
A high involvement product is a product where extensive thought process is involved and the consumer considers a lot of variables before finally making a…
What is a Low involvement product or Low involvement purchase?
There are many different types of purchases which a consumer might make. But if we measure the purchasing behavior of the customer on the basis…
10 Factors influencing High involvement purchase
If you look at the family life cycle, you will find that as a person grows in stature in his life, he begins purchasing more and…
What is communications mix and its role in Marketing?
There are multiple components of a communications mix. The communications mix in marketing comprises of the various ways that a company can communicate with its…
Geographical pricing and its application in Marketing
As the name suggests, geographical pricing is a pricing model where the final price of the product is decided on the basis of the geography…
What is the Importance of Marketing Mix and why are the 4 P’s important?
There are many Marketing mix articles here on marketing91 and we keep analysing more and more. We also encourage all small business owners and strategy…
What is Multi-Channel Marketing? Overview, Benefits, and Challenges
What is multi-channel Marketing? Multi-channel marketing is the practice of interacting with and promoting prospects and customers via multiple online and offline communication channels. Customer…
Channel Conflict: Definition, Types, Levels, Causes & Examples
Channel conflict occurs when two or more channel partners are competing against each other for the same business. Channel conflicts can arise when there are…
What is Sales Prospecting & its role in Sales?
When you want to paint a picture, you have to start with a blank page. Just like that, when you want to make a sale,…
3 levels of Product competition – How companies compete on basis of products?
One of the most common forms of competition, and a factor which brings in more and more competition day by day is Product competition or…
What is Product Design? Definition, History & How to Become a Product Designer
Product design is the process of finding out market opportunities, understanding the problems, creating a product as a solution, and validating that solution with potential…
Types of Needs: Definition & Example
What Are Needs? A need is a requirement, whether physiological or psychological, that is essential for the well-being of an organism. A good example of…
How to choose a Market segment? 5 approaches to Choosing a market segment.
Whenever a new business starts, the common question which the business owner faces is “Which segment should you target?”. It is not only about which…
How to segment a Business Market? Steps in Segmenting a business market.
One of the more difficult markets to operate in, the business market is legendary for its bureaucracy and for the time taken in making business decisions or…
Role of Packaging in Marketing and sales of a product
One of the most important elements in the Marketing mix is Promotions. And lately, packaging has become a strong element of the Marketing mix. Some…
Understanding the Product Hierarchy and Examples
Products can be organized in a hierarchy based on their basic components, which shows the relationship between them. The hierarchy includes both essential components and…
Ingredient branding and How to build an Ingredient brand?
Ingredient branding is a wise and crafty way to go about creating a unique brand. A successful ingredient brand has the power to directly influence…
Cost-Based Pricing – Definition, Types, Examples, Advantages and Disadvantages
Cost-based pricing or markup pricing is a pricing strategy that companies utilize to first determine the production costs of an item and then by adding…
10 tips & tactics for Marketing a luxury brand
There are various types of products in the market running on various marketing strategies. Some of them are penetrative, trying to defeat the competition on…
6 types of Product Mix pricing to push products in the market
The product mix constitutes not only a single product line but all the products within an organization. A company like HUL or P&G or even…
Co-Branding – Definition, Uses and Examples
What Is Co-Branding? Co-branding is a marketing strategy that involves partnering with another company or brand to create a joint brand. This can be done…
Product line stretching
The product line length within a company keeps changing. Generally, there are three price bands which exists in any market – Lower priced products, middle…
Classification of Industrial products – Industrial products classification
Classification of Industrial products is necessary as it helps decision making for the organization. Industrial goods are classified on the basis of their relative cost…
Five product levels in Marketing
In one of the previous articles, we discussed different types of products and broke the products in 3 parts. However, many experienced marketers define the…
What is Market Potential? How to Determine It
Whenever we launch a new product or a service, we fear whether it has enough market potential. It is known very well that you need…
4 types of service processing – How to categorize service processes?
In services, there is an input and an output. Both, the input and output can be intangible in nature because of which service processing is…
4 questions to ask yourself before targeting new customers
If i ask 100 businessmen out there what they want, each one of them will say that they need more customers to grow their business….
What is Competitive Rivalry (One of Porter’s Five Forces Analysis)?
Competitive rivalry, a key element in Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, refers to the intensity of competition between existing players in an industry. It’s like a…
Product line competition – How to compete on the basis of Product lines?
One of the key factors which differentiates between brands, especially when they are in the consumer durables, FMCG or retail segments, is the product line…
What is Sampling plan and its application in Market research?
Once you are ready with your market research plan, then comes the implementation part. And the first step of implementation is determining your sampling plan….
How to collect primary data for Market research?
Secondary data sources are easily available in the market. Or, the Internet is one of the most common resources being used for secondary data collection….
